1. Afalki Fard, Hossein & Naghibi, Zahra (2022). Investigating and comparing the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training and learning strategies in reducing students' test anxiety. 10th National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1556991
2. Barahoui Moghaddam, Ahmad (2022). Proposed solutions for increasing students' interest in learning experimental sciences topics. 2nd National Conference on Experimental Sciences Education, Yazd. https://civilica.com/doc/1738282
3. Pargar, Hadi (2022). Students' problems in learning high school biology. 7th International Conference on Psychology, Educational Sciences and Child Rights in the Islamic World, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1674856
4. Panq, Arezou & Ounaq, Naeimeh & Ghazi, Monireh (2021). Investigating test anxiety in academic performance in biology (Case study: high school students in Gonbad Kavous). 11th National Conference on Psychology, Educational and Social Sciences, Babol. https://civilica.com/doc/1184108
5. Taghizadeh, Mohsen; Fathi Azar, Eskandar; Azarbakhsh, Moslem (2018). The effect of instruction using concept maps on academic achievement in biology among third-year high school students in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. Journal of Research in Curriculum Planning, 2(59), 182-19.
6. Rajabi, Fahimeh & Defaei Nasab, Mohammad Mahdi (2022). The effectiveness of concept map-based instruction on achievement motivation and retention in sixth-grade male elementary students. 10th International Conference on Psychology, Educational Sciences and Lifestyle. https://civilica.com/doc/1558874
7. Rasouli, Mah Asa (2021). The effectiveness of the concept map teaching method and its continuity on academic achievement and motivation creation in students. 1st National Conference on Organizational and Management Research, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1202246
8. Soleimani, Mohammad Reza (2023). Investigating teaching methods in biology. 2nd International Conference and 3rd National Conference on New Findings in Management, Psychology and Accounting, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1745902
9. Sayyah Bargard, Mehdi; Ardeh, Ali & Yaghoubi Asgarabad, Esmail (2013). Investigating the relationship between motivational beliefs and self-regulated learning strategies with academic performance in students of the School of Health, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz. Bi-Quarterly Journal of the Center for Studies and Development of Medical Education, 3(2), 70-61.
10. Seif, Ali Akbar (2013). Modern Educational Psychology: Psychology of Learning and Instruction. Tehran: Doran Publishing.
11. Shabani, Zahra & Abedi, Maryam (2020). Predicting academic achievement based on coping strategies, test anxiety and attributional styles. https://civilica.com/doc/1569862
12. Shahbazian, Arash & Hasani, Omid (2017). The role of test anxiety and alexithymia in students' academic burnout. Educational Research, 35(4), 63-50.
13. Sabah, Ayoub & Askari Azghandi, Nahid & Raiesi, Saeed (2022). Predicting academic achievement: academic self-efficacy and test anxiety among students. 7th National Conference on New Research in Educational Sciences and Psychology of Iran, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1554423
14. Sahraei, Reza Morad; Hosseini, Zahra Sadat & Sedighi Far, Zohreh (2021). The effect of concept maps on strengthening reading skills and motivation of foreign Persian learners. Scientific Quarterly of Language Research, Alzahra University, 13(41), 135-107.
15. Sayadipour, Ali & Seif, Mohammad Hassan (2022). The effect of learning strategies in reducing students' test anxiety. 8th Scientific-Research Conference on Development and Promotion of Educational Sciences and Psychology of Iran, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1510927
16. Sayadi, Sadegh; Mesrabadi, Javad; Habibi Kalibar, Ramin & Farid, Abolfazl (2022). Evaluating the power of concept map-based tests in replacing traditional tests. Cognitive Strategies in Learning, 10(18), 1-34.
17. Abbasi Abrazgeh, Mojgan & Azarbakhsh, Moslem (2017). The effect of concept maps on learning biology. National Conference on New Research of Iran and the World in Psychology, Educational Sciences and Social Studies, Shiraz. https://civilica.com/doc/751438
18. Gholami, Azam & Zare, Hossein & Fallah, Vahid (2022). The effect of flipped instruction on students' motivation and learning in biology: Investigating the role of gender in the effectiveness of a modern method. https://civilica.com/doc/1569806
19. Fatehi, Fatemeh & Fatehi, Samaneh (2018). The effectiveness of concept map-based instruction on academic meaning and success-seeking in sixth-grade female students. 5th National Conference on New Approaches in Education and Research, Mahmoudabad. https://civilica.com/doc/1152927
20. Ferast, Hossein (2021). Developing the structure of biology education using concept maps. Iranian Journal of Biology, 5(10), 110-101.
21. Falaki Fard, Hossein & Naghibi, Zahra (2022). Investigating and comparing the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training and learning strategies in reducing students' test anxiety. 10th National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran. https://civilica.com/doc/1556991
22. Karami, Mehdi; Attaran, Mohammad (2016). Improving student teachers' learning through concept map-based teaching approaches in individual and group modes. Teacher Professional Development, 1(1), 20-7.
23. Karimzadeh, Elaheh & Khorshidi, Mohammad Mousa (2022). Teaching and learning strategies in elementary education. 8th International Conference on New Research in Psychology, Social Sciences, Educational Sciences and Education. https://civilica.com/doc/1566407
24. Karimzadeh, Enayat & Zafarinejad, Adel & Ekrami, Zahra (2015). Challenges facing transformation in education (Iran). 2nd International Conference on Behavioral Sciences and Social Studies. https://civilica.com/doc/521921
25. Kalantari Pour, Sara & Kazemian Moghaddam, Kobra (2018). Comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training and study skills training on reducing female students' test anxiety. Educational Psychology Quarterly, 9(1), 79-92.
26. Ganjali Banjar, Mahboubeh & Hashemi Baghi, Zahra (2023). Practical teaching method for experimental sciences and biology with student participation. https://civilica.com/doc/1703885
27. Mousavand, Mahboubeh & Kaboli, Maryam (2022). Structural model of the relationship between online learning based on academic conscientiousness and academic burnout: The mediating role of academic motivation, cognitive strategies in learning. 10(18), 298-271.
28. Mirsafi, Fatemeh (2023). Comparing participatory teaching method and traditional teaching method in learning biology among female students. https://civilica.com/doc/1670856
29. Nasirpour, Ali & Zare, Zahra (2020). Comparing the effectiveness of the concept map teaching method with the lecture method in learning biology. Research in Biology Education, 6(2), 28-19.
30. Naghibzadeh, Mir Abdolhossein (2015). A Look at the Philosophy of Education. Tehran: Tahouri Publications.
31. Yarmohammadi Vasel, Mosayeb Mohammadi, Arezou & Kord Noughabi, Rasoul (2019). Comparing the effect of individual and group concept map instruction on motivation and academic achievement in social studies. Bi-Quarterly Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, 7(12), 211-189.
**English-language references:**
32. Charsky, D., & Ressler, W. (2011). "Games are made for fun": Lessons on the effects of concept maps in the classroom use of computer games. Computers & Education, 56(3), 604-615.
33. Daley, B. J., Durning, S. J., & Torre, D. M. (2016). Using Concept Maps to Create Meaningful Learning in Medical Education. MedEdPublish, 5. https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2016.000019
34. Henno, I., & Reiska, P. (2008). Using Concept Mapping as assessment tool in school biology. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Concept Mapping. Tallinn, Estonia and Helsinki, Finland.
35. Jerry Chih-Yuan, S., & Ariel Yu-Zhen Chen. (2016). Effects of integrating dynamic concept maps with Interactive Response System on elementary school students' motivation and learning outcome: The case of anti-phishing education. ScienceDirect. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.08.002
36. Kinchin, I. M. (2014). Concept mapping, PowerPoint, and a pedagogy of access. Journal of Biological Education, 40(2), 79-83.
37. Kinchin, I. M., Mollits, A., & Reiska, P. (2019). Uncovering types of knowledge in concept maps. Education Sciences, 9(2), 131-142.
38. Krajcik, J. (2011). Learning progressions provide road maps for the development and validity of assessments and curriculum materials. Interdisciplinary and Perspectives, 9(2), 155-158.
39. Krieglstein, F., Schneider, S., Beege, M., & Rey, G. D. (2022). How the design and complexity of concept maps influence cognitive learning processes. Educational Technology Research and Development, 70(1), 99-118.
40. Lestari, F., Saryantono, B., Syazali, M., Saregar, A., Madiyo, M., Jauhariyah, D., & Umam, R. (2018). Cooperative Learning Application with the Method of Network Tree Concept Map: Based on Japanese Learning System Approach. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(1), 15-32. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17478/jegys.471466
41. Natasha Dmoshinskaia, Hannie Gijlers, Ton de Jong. (2020). Learning from reviewing peers' concept maps in an inquiry context: Commenting or grading, which is better? Studies in Educational Evaluation.
42. O'Donnell, M. A., et al. (2020). Active learning strategies in biology education: A review. BioScience, 70(2), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa154
43. Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (2021). The role of motivation and psychological variables in learning: A comprehensive review. Educational Psychologist, 56(3), 139-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2021.1894300
44. Sen Singh, I. & Moono, K. (2015). The effect of using concept maps on student achievement in selected topics in chemistry at tertiary level. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(15), 106-116.
45. Thomas, G. (2021). Education: A very short introduction (Second edition). UK: Oxford University Press.