نقش سن، تجربه شغلی، ترکیب بدن وسطح مشارکت ورزشی در توسعه و بهبود عملکرد معلمان تربیت‌بدنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 تربیت بدنی، گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی،دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی 889-14665 تهران، ایران

2 گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی،دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی 889-14665 تهران، ایران

3 گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد سوسنگرد، سوسنگرد، ایران

4 سرگروه تربیت بدنی، اداره کل آموزش و پرورش خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

10.48310/istt.2026.22470.1216

چکیده

پیشینه و اهداف: شناسایی عوامل مرتبط با عملکردهای ورزشی معلمان تربیت‌بدنی اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. لذا، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش ترکیب بدن، وضعیت شغلی و سابقه فعالیت ورزشی معلمان تربیت‌بدنی بر عملکردهای ورزشی آن‌ها طراحی شد.
روش‌ها‌: ۱۳۰ معلم تربیت‌بدنی مرد (سن ۵/۸±۳۴ سال، سابقه شغلی ۸/۱۲±۷/۳ سال، وزن ۴/۷۶±۹/۶ کیلوگرم) از ۱۳ شهر/ناحیه استان خوزستان به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. آزمون‌های ارزیابی عملکردهای ورزشی شامل (۱) بسکتبال، (۲) هندبال، (۳) والیبال، (۴) فوتسال، (۵) تنیس‌روی‌میز و (۶) بدمینتون اجرا شد. همچنین، اطلاعات مربوط به وضعیت شغلی، سابقه، آخرین مدرک تحصیلی و آموزش‌های ضمن‌خدمت، ترکیب بدن و سابقه‌ی فعالیت ورزشی شامل میزان و سطح مشارکت ورزشی پیشین و اخیر شرکت‌کنندگان جمع‌آوری شد. از آزمون آنکوا و مجذور اتا جزئی(pη2) بعنوان اندازه اثر جهت تحلیل نتایج استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که سن معلمان با عملکرد ورزشی (049/0=p، 19/0-=r، ارتباط ضعیف) رابطه معنادار معکوسی دارد اما سابقه شغلی و آموزش‌های ضمن خدمت ارتباط معناداری با عملکردهای ورزشی نشان ندادند (05/0<p). ترکیب بدن معلمان با عملکرد ورزشی کلی (001/0=p، 40/0-=r، ارتباط متوسط) رابطه معنادار معکوس نشان داد، در حالی که معلمان با وزن نرمال، عملکرد ورزشی بهتری نسبت به معلمان دیگر داشتند (001/0=p، 166/0=pη2، اندازه اثر بزرگ). نهایتا، عملکرد ورزشی معلمان با سطح مشارکت ورزشی حرفه‌ای در مقایسه با معلمان نیمه حرفه‌ای و آماتور، بهتر بود (05/0>p، 395/0 – 194/0=pη2، اندازه اثر بزرگ).
نتیجه‌گیری: از نظر کارکردی، حفظ وزن طبیعی و مشارکت مستمر در سطح حرفه‌ای نسبت به سن یا سال‌های سابقه تدریس، نقش مهم‌تری در حفظ مهارت‌های حرکتی ورزشی معلمان تربیت‌بدنی دارند. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که مداخلات باید بر بهبود ترکیب بدن و تداوم مشارکت ورزشی شدید متمرکز شوند، نه اتکا به مدرک تحصیلی یا دوره‌های ضمن‌خدمت متداول.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Age, Work Experience, Body Composition, and Level of Sports Participation in Enhancing the Performance of Physical Education Teachers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raoof Negaresh 1
  • khalil ollah Moonikh 2
  • Hassan Hardani 3
  • Motahare Mokhtarzade 4
  • fatemeh Nikseresht 2
  • Hana Jalali 3
1 Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University; P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University; P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Physical Education, Susangerd branch, Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran
4 Department of Physical Education, Khuzestan General Directorate of Education, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: Identifying the factors associated with the athletic performance of physical education (PE) teachers is of particular importance. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the role of body composition, employment status, and sports participation history in the athletic performance of PE teachers.
Methods: A total of 130 male PE teachers (age: 34±5.8 years; work experience: 12.8±3.7 years; weight: 76.4±9.6 kg) from 13 cities/districts in Khuzestan Province were randomly selected. Athletic performance tests were conducted in (1) basketball, (2) handball, (3) volleyball, (4) futsal, (5) table tennis, and (6) badminton. Additionally, data regarding employment status, work history, highest academic degree, in-service training, body composition, and sports participation history (including previous and recent level and extent of participation) were collected. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and partial eta squared (pη²) were employed as effect size indices for analyzing the results.
Findings: The results indicated that age was significantly and negatively correlated with athletic performance (p=0.049, r=-0.19, weak correlation), while work experience and in-service training were not significantly associated with athletic performance (p>0.05). Body composition showed a significant negative relationship with overall athletic performance (p=0.001, r=-0.40, moderate correlation), such that teachers with normal body weight exhibited better athletic performance than others (p=0.001, pη²=0.166, large effect size). Finally, teachers with professional sports participation demonstrated better athletic performance compared to semi-professional and amateur teachers (p<0.05, pη²=0.194–0.395, large effect size).
Conclusion: Functionally, maintaining normal body weight and continuous participation at a professional level play a more important role in preserving the motor skills of physical education teachers than age or years of teaching experience. These findings suggest that interventions should focus on improving body composition and sustaining high-intensity sports participation, rather than relying on academic degrees or conventional in-service training courses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Professional development
  • Physical education teacher
  • Work experience
  • Body mass index
  • Sport participation
  • Athletic performance
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دوره 5، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 11
اردیبهشت 1405
صفحه 43-61
  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 26 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مرداد 1405